The use of bait as a fishing lure has been widely used in rivers in the north of the state of Mato Grosso. This is a food lure used by fishermen to attract fish to a specific point in the river and thus facilitate their capture. Composed mainly of soybeans and corn, due to their high availability in the region, these grains may be serving as a substrate for pathogens and causing harm to the health of fish that feed on the bait. In view of this, the objective is to evaluate the health of the grains offered to fish in the Teles Pires River, Renato River and Preto River. The aim is to identify and describe which pathogens are occurring in the bait grains of these rivers, so that these data can serve as a basis for other projects that aim to promote the preservation of native species in the region, as well as to raise awareness and alert the population that feeds on these fish.